Island of Bali is part of the Lesser Sunda Islands along the width of 153 km and 112 km approximately 3.2 km from the island of Java. Astronomically, Bali is located at 8 ° 25′23 “south latitude and 115 ° 14′55″ East Latitude tropical mebuatnya like other parts of Indonesia.
Gunung Agung is the highest point in Bali as high as 3148 m. This volcano last erupted in March 1963. Mount Batur is one of the mountains in Bali. About 30,000 years ago, Mount Batur erupted and produced a terrible disaster on earth. Unlike in the northern, southern Bali is irrigated lowland rivers.
Based on the relief and topography, in the midst of the mountains lies the island of Bali which extends from west to east and between these mountains are a volcanic group of Mount Batur and Mount Agung and the volcanic mountain that was not the Zebra Dove Mountain, Mount Patas, and Gunung Seraya. The existence of these mountains caused by Geographical Area Bali is divided into 2 (two) are not the same part of North Bali with a narrow lowland and less sloping, and South Bali with a broad lowland and sloping. The slope of the land consists of the island of Bali flat land (0-2%) covering 122,652 ha, the land undulating (2-15%) covering 118,339 ha, steep land (15-40%) covering 190,486 ha, and land is very steep (> 40% ) covering 132,189 ha. Province of Bali has 4 (four) pieces of the lake which is located in mountainous areas are: Lake Beratan, Buyan, Tamblingan and Lake Batur.
The capital of Bali is Denpasar. Nearby Places Ubud Other important as the art center is located in Gianyar regency, while Kuta, Sanur, Seminyak, Jimbaran and Nusa Dua is a place that became a tourist destination, both tourism and beach resorts.
The total area of Bali Province is 5636.66 km2 or 0.29% total area of the Republic of Indonesia. Bali Province is administratively divided into 9 districts, 55 districts and 701 villages / wards.
The first inhabitants of the island of Bali is expected to come in 3000-2500 BC who migrated from Asia. Remains of stone tools from this period found in the village throttle located on the west of the island. Prehistoric times and ends with the arrival of Hindus from India in 100 BC. [Citation needed]
Balinese culture and have a strong influence of Indian culture, the faster the process after the 1st century AD. Name Balidwipa (island) start found in various inscriptions, including inscriptions Blanjong charter issued by Sri Kesari Warmadewa in 913 AD and mentioning Walidwipa said. It is estimated that around this time that subak irrigation system for rice cultivation started to be developed. Some religious and cultural traditions also began to develop at that time. Kingdom of Majapahit (1293-1500 AD) a Hindu and centered on the island of Java, had founded the kingdom of subordinates in Bali around 1343 AD It was almost the entire archipelago are Hindus, but as the arrival of Islam stands Islamic kingdoms in the archipelago, among other things caused the collapse of Majapahit. Many nobles, priests, artists, and other Hindu community when it was away from the island of Java to Bali.
Europeans who first discovered Bali is Cornelis de Houtman from the Netherlands in 1597, though a Portuguese ship had previously been stranded near the promontory Hill, Jimbaran, in 1585. Dutch East India Company began by conducting its colonization in the soil Bali, but continue to fight until the end of the power that their position in Bali is not as solid as their position in the Java or the Moluccas. Starting from the northern region of Bali, since the 1840s, the Dutch presence has become permanent, which originally made with pit-lamb of the ruler of Bali mutual distrust each other. Dutch major attack by sea and land against the Sanur area, and followed by the Denpasar area. Bali party who lost in number and weapons not want to experience shame for surrender, thus causing the war to the death or bellows, which involves all the people both men and women including the king. An estimated 4,000 people died in the incident, although the Netherlands has ordered them to surrender. Furthermore, the Dutch governors who ruled there was little to his influence on this island, so that local control over religion and culture generally does not change.
Japan occupied Bali during World War II, and then a military officer named I Gusti Ngurah Rai Bali forming forces ‘freedom fighters’. Following the Japanese surrender in the Pacific in August 1945, the Dutch soon returned to Indonesia (including Bali) to re-establish its colonial rule as a state before the war. This was opposed by the opposition forces that Bali is now using Japanese weapons.
On 20 November 1940, fighting broke out Puputan Margarana happened in the village of Marga, Tabanan, Bali middle. Colonel I Gusti Ngurah Rai, a 29-year-old, led his troops from the eastern Bali to take the offensive until the death of Dutch troops are armed to the teeth. All members of the battalion Bali killed everything, and make it as a military resistance Bali last.
In 1946 the Dutch made Bali as one of 13 areas part of the state of Indonesia was proclaimed the new East, which as one of the rival state to the Republic of Indonesia which was proclaimed and headed by Sukarno and Hatta. Bali was also incorporated into the United States of Indonesia when the Dutch recognized Indonesian independence on December 29, 1949. In 1950, officially Bali perserikatannya with the Dutch left and legally became a province of the Republic of Indonesia.
Mount Agung eruption occurred in 1963, had shaken the people’s economy and caused many of the Balinese transmigration to other areas in Indonesia.
In 1965, along with the failure by the G30S coup against the national government in Jakarta, in Bali and many other areas there was the extermination of the members and sympathizers of the Communist Party of Indonesia. In Bali, it is estimated more than 100,000 people were killed or missing. Nevertheless, the events in the early days of New Order is up to now not succeeded disclosed by law.
Terrorist attacks have occurred on October 12, 2002, a bomb attack in the 2002 Bali Kuta Beach tourist area, causing as many as 202 people were killed and 209 others injured. Bali bomb attacks in 2005 also occurred three years later in Kuta and Jimbaran beach. Such events have a wide international coverage because most of the victims were foreign tourists, and caused Bali’s tourism industry faces severe challenges in recent years.
quoted from
http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bali
http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bali
